From VOA LearningEnglish this is As It Is. I’m AnnaMatteo in Washington.
Today on, As It Is, we will hearaboutsomethingourlistenersdoeverydaytheyhear, read or watch VOA LearningEnglish -- learning a secondlanguage.
We will hearwhetherbeingsurrounded by a foreignlanguage, or immersed in it, is the bestway to learn a language. Or are traditionallectureswithgrammarrules and vocabularylists the bestway to learn to speaklike a nativespeaker. SteveEmber has more on that topic.
What is the bestway to learn a newlanguage? A smallstudy of foreignlanguagelearning in adultscomparedtwomethods. One is known as the explicit or classroommethod. This is the kind of traditionalclassroomteachingwherestudents are taught a lot of informationaboutgrammarrules.
The othermethod is known as the implicit or immersionmethod. The ideahere is to learnmuch the waychildrendowhentheylearn a nativelanguage. That is, by beingwithnativespeakers and absorbing the language that surroundsthem, generallywithout a lot of explanation. TeachersmaycombinethesetwomethodsintowhatProfessorMichaelUllmancallsimmersion-style classroomteaching. But is that necessarily a betterway to learn a language? Mr. Ullman was the seniorinvestigator for the newstudy. He is a professor of neuroscience at GeorgetownUniversityMedicalCenter in Washington. He says he was surprised to find that combining the twomethodsmight not help the brain in processing the newlanguage.
MICHAELULLMAN: "Youknow, ifmylifewere on the line, and I had to learn a language, whatwould I do? I'm not sure. Onepossibilitywould be that, to startwithexplicit and then go to immersion, right? Startwithclassroom and then go to immersion. But there is this possibility that classroomcouldhurtlaterimmersion. That's what, youknow, onepossibility of interpretingourdata."
The twenty-oneadults in the experimentlearned Brocanto2, a thirteen-wordlanguagecreated for the study. The words and grammarrulesrelate to a computergamesimilar to chess that the learnersplayed. For example, "Blomneimoluneeplipraz" means "The squareblom-piece switcheswith the neep-piece."
The researcherstested the peoplethree to sixmonthsafterthey had learned the language, to seehowwelltheycouldremember it. The studyfound that thosewho had learned it with the immersionmethod had brainwavessimilar to those of nativespeakers of a languagewhenspeaking that language.
ProfessorUllmansaysthosewhotrainedwith the classroommethodalsobecamemorenative-like in theirbrainprocessing. But only the immersiongroupshowedfullnative-likeprocessing of the grammar. Still, he saysteachersshould be carefulhowtheyuse the results of hisstudy.
MICHAELULLMAN: "Youknow I would not makeanycurriculumchangesbased on this. Nevertheless, it is suggestive, and I think it warrantsfurtherresearch to seewhether in factwhatkind of trainingmight in fact be best not just for reaching the nativebrainbases but also for, youknow, maximumproficiency in differentaspects of language, likegrammar, youknow, syntax and lexicon. So I thinkfurtherresearch is warranted. And it may be, for example, that a combination of classroom and immersionmight be best. But we don't know that."
You learned English, probably from a teacher who spoke your own language. So when you were studying English you were always translating to your language from your language. When you studied vocabulary you would memorize the meaning in your language, translation. You also learn lots and lots and lots and lots of grammar rules. And so that makes you think all the time about English, when you’re supposed to be speaking, when you should be speaking easily without thinking, instead you’re thinking about grammar, you’re thinking about vocabulary. You’re also feeling nervous. All of these things are happening and that’s why your speaking is not so great right now.
Tip 6 is to use real English materials. DON'T USE TEXTBOOKS. DON'T use textbook CDs. Use real English materials. So, how can you learn English using real English materials? By getting real materials that native English speakers would use. In this videos you'll hear the teacher discuss two examples of real English materials.
Tip 5 is to use point of view stories. How do we use this technique? How do we use point of view stories? Let's watch the video to answer the questions by yourself.
So what does that mean when we’re talking about learning? Well, youneed to think about like your mind, your brain. So if you learn something deeply, the idea is that it goes deep, deep, deep. It goes into your brain very far, meaning that it’s part of you. You’ll never, never, never forget it. You totally master it. It becomes simple and easy and automatic. That’s the idea of learn deeply.
Listening is the key to fluency. Now why focus on listening first? Why learn with your ears and not with your eyes? With listening you will learn grammar. You will learn vocabulary. You will understand better and you will get faster. There is a lot of research about listening first. Listening is the most important thing you can do.
Tip 2 is DO NOT study grammar rules. I know this may be a surprise to you because your English teachers have always told you that you must study grammar rules. In high schools or secondary schools, in universities, in language schools, the English teachers teach grammar, and then they teach more grammar, and then they teach even more grammar. And that is the method you have used to study English.
So what’s the old way of learning English? You know English because you learned it in school. You’ve been using it for years and years and years. You sit in a classroom. You’ve got a textbook. You memorize lists of vocabulary words. You study lots and lots and lots of grammar rules. You do lots of reading and little fake conversation drills and activities. And this is the traditional old way of learning English but we have a totally new and different way of learning it. And we’re going to teach you each part of that, one part every day for a full seven days.
I am glad to share the series of videos made by a group of enthusiatic teachers from San Francisco, CA 94131 USA with the hope that YOUR ENGLISH will be improved to some extend after watching them.
In school you probably a lot of grammar rules. You focus on grammar rules, studying grammar rules, grammar rules, more and more rules. Because of this, when you are speaking English, you're always thinking about grammar rules, you're always worrying about making a grammar mistake. That's why you speak so slowly.
- Are you a good English reader, but not a GREAT English speaker?
- Do you feel that textbook English is not teaching you the REAL English you need?
- Is it difficult for you to understand real conversations?
- Do you need English for job interviews, better jobs, international travel and to make international friends?
- Have you already improved your English, and now you are ready to go to a whole new level?
In other words, do you actually need to USE real English in real conversations?
In school you learned textbook English for tests. Now, however, you need real English for real conversations. You need to actually speak English quickly, powerfully, and correctly.